A Schedule 13D is a disclosure filed with the SEC when an investor acquires more than 5% of a company’s voting shares and intends to influence or control the company. It requires disclosure of the acquirer’s identity, the source of funds, and the investment plans.

A quarterly report filed with the SEC by institutional investment managers overseeing $100 million or more in qualifying assets. It discloses all long equity positions, giving public companies and IR teams visibility into institutional ownership changes.

A shorter alternative to Schedule 13D, filed when an investor acquires more than 5% of a company’s voting shares passively — with no intent to influence control. Often filed by institutional investors, index funds, and passive managers.

A board structured — in terms of skills, independence, diversity, and governance processes — to reduce its vulnerability to activist campaigns. An activism-resilient board demonstrates proactive governance and credible oversight, making it harder for activists to argue for board change.

Advisory services provided to companies facing or anticipating shareholder activism campaigns. This includes strategic positioning, communications planning, governance review, and engagement tactics to respond to or deter activist investors.

A coordinated effort by a shareholder activist — typically a hedge fund or other institutional investor — to push for changes at a public company. Campaigns may target strategy, capital allocation, board composition, executive leadership, or the sale of the company.

The planning, positioning, and communications work undertaken to prepare for or respond to shareholder activism. This includes governance reviews, investor engagement, board preparation, and rapid response communications when an activist emerges.

The required yearly meeting at which a public company presents its financial results, puts forward director elections, and allows shareholders to vote on key resolutions. IR teams play a central role in preparing communications, soliciting votes, and managing proxy materials ahead of the AGM.

Artificial intelligence applications used to support IR workflows, including earnings transcript analysis, investor sentiment monitoring, shareholder targeting, Q&A preparation, and automated reporting. AI tools are increasingly integrated into IR platforms to surface actionable insights at scale.

Ongoing engagement with sell-side equity analysts to support accurate understanding and initiation or expansion of research coverage. This includes timely responses to questions, consistent messaging, and ensuring analysts have access to management and relevant disclosure materials.